Ngasekuqaleni kwale nyanga, ihlazo likaHarvey Weinstein labona igagasi labalingisi abasezingeni eliphezulu besola umdidiyeli wefilimu ngokuhlukumeza ngokocansi nokuhlukumeza. Lokhu kugqugquzele umkhankaso we-#MeToo oholele ekutheni abesifazane nabesilisa bakhulume izindaba zabo zokuhlukunyezwa ezimbonini eziningi.
Nemfashini kwakungenjalo. Ngemuva kwengxabano ka-Weinstein, imodeli kanye nesishoshovu u-Cameron Russell wabelane ngama-akhawunti angaziwa avela kumamodeli abhekana nokuhlukumeza nokuhlukumeza ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesethi. Ukuphindaphinda ngakunye kufaka i-hashtag ethi #MyJobShouldNotIncludeAbuse.
Futhi-ke, ibhomu njenge-imeyili eputshuziwe evela enkampanini yokushicilela i-Condé Nast yamemezela isinqumo sayo sokungasakwazi ukusebenza nomthwebuli wezithombe uTerry Richardson. Sekuyiminyaka izinsolo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi zibekwe ku-lensman waseMelika. Ngo-2014, kwabonakala kuduma kakhulu lapho amamodeli amaningi eza nezindaba zawo, abamba izihloko. Umsebenzi kaRichardson waba nemiphumela emihle, kodwa umsebenzi wakhe waqala ukukhula eminyakeni yamuva.
Yini-ke edale ukuthi ulwandle luguquke embonini ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yamahlebezi nezinsolo? Konke kuqala ngamamodeli akhuluma izindaba zawo ngesibindi.
U-Cameron Russell Uqala I-Hashtag ethi #MyJobShouldNotIncludeAbuse
Okokuqala, amagama amakhulu ekumodeleni aseqalile ukukhuluma ngesiko lokuhlukumeza emfashini. KuRussell, wathatha ku-Instagram wakhe wabe esehlanganyela izindaba eziningi zokuhlukumeza ngamagama amnyama. Imodeli yaseMelika ibhale mayelana nalokhu kubalwa: “Lokhu bekungekona ukudalulwa ngoba akukho lutho kulezi zindaba okufanele kube isembulo kulabo abasebenza embonini yethu. Kunalokho kwaba yisiqalo sokushintshwa kwamandla. Siyakhuluma sodwa, siyakhuluma, sikhuluma nabameli, sikhuluma nezintatheli ezinezinsizakusebenza.”
URussell waphetha ngokuthi: “Sonke siyabazi abenzi bobubi futhi siyaqhubeka nokusebenza nabo. IMA. Bakhangisi nomagazini, yekani ukuqasha laba bantu. Agencies, yekani ukubathumelela ithalente. Yima namuhla. Ungalindi kuze kungene abameli. Yenza okufanele ngoba into engalungile iyathusa.”
Amamodeli Afuna Isenzo
Ekhuluma neNew York Times, imodeli yaseBrithani Edie Campbell waphinde wakhuluma ngokuhlukumeza embonini futhi waliphinda iphuzu likaRussell. "Iqiniso liwukuthi izikhukhula sezivele zivuliwe mayelana noTerry Richardson ... Ubunzima ukukhuluma nabanye abantu - labo ababungazwa imboni yezemfashini, futhi abasesenhliziyweni yayo. Lokhu ngeke kuxazululwe ngokuvala nje ukusetshenziswa komthwebuli wezithombe oyedwa.”
U-Sara Sampaio uzoqhubeka nokwabelana ngolwazi olusethiwe kumagazini wabesilisa waseFrance uLui lapho azizwa ecindezelwa ukuthi abonakale enqunu. I-Victoria's Secret Angel ithi wayengenaso isigatshana sobunqunu sesithombe sekhava. Kodwa ngesikhathi eshutha wazizwa esondelene nokumodela enqunu, futhi wacasuka lapho kushicilelwa izithombe ezicasulayo.
"Kulo lonke usuku lokudubula, bengidinga ukuzivikela njalo futhi ngiphindaphinde imingcele yami ngaphandle kwezithombe ezinqunu, ngiqinisekisa ukuthi ngizimboza ngokusemandleni," usho kanje ku-Instagram. “Lo magazini waqamba amanga futhi wawunikeza ithuba lokunyathelisa isithombe sami esingaphandle nginqunu, okwakuwukwephula ngokusobala isivumelwano sethu.”
Izinyathelo Zokuqeda Ukuhlukunyezwa
Yize amamodeli esebenzisa amazwi abo ukuze azwakale ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kubukeka kuzothatha izinyathelo zomthetho ukubona izinguquko zangempela. NgoMfumfu wezi-2017, kwethulwa umthethosivivinywa obizwa ngokuthi ‘Umthetho Wokuvikela Ukuhlukumeza Amamodeli’. Uma uphasisiwe, umthethosivivinywa uzohlinzeka ngokuvikeleka ezinhlotsheni zokuhlukumeza emsebenzini okuhlanganisa nokunxeshezelwa ngokocansi. Ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlukumeza zihlanganisa ukucwasa ngokwebala, ubudala, ubuzwe, ubulili kanye nokukhubazeka. Umthethosivivinywa wenziwa ngemizamo ehlanganyelwe ye-New York state assemblywoman Nilly Rozic kanye nenhlangano eyimodeli yamalungelo abasebenzi I-Model Alliance.
"Amamodeli awanamalungelo ayisisekelo kanye nokuvikelwa njengabasebenzi, okuhlanganisa nokuvikelwa ekuhlukunyezweni ngokocansi," kusho uSara Ziff, oyimodeli kanye nomsunguli we-Model Alliance. “Sekuyiminyaka, amanye amamodeli kanye nami sikhuluma ngokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi okuhleliwe kanye nokuhlukunyezwa emsebenzini - kodwa nokho, abantu abanamandla bazamile ukusithulisa futhi banikeza imvume kafushane yokuthi lokhu kuziphatha kulungile. Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi akulungile futhi akufanele kubekezelelwe amamodeli, futhi akufanele kubekezelelwe imboni yethu.”
Ukuze uthuthuke emininingwaneni, lo mthethosivivinywa uzokwenqabela ukunxeshezelwa kwezocansi noma ukuphawula ngesethi yesithombe esiqoshiwe. Izophinde inikeze amamodeli ngothintwayo kanye nendlela yokufaka izikhalazo. Abahlukumezi bazothweswa icala ngezenzo zabo.
Kukhona nendaba yolwazi lomphakathi. Manje njengoba amamodeli abelana ngezindaba zawo, ngisho nomlandeli ovamile wemfashini angakwazi mayelana nenkinga yokuhlukumeza. Lokhu kufanele kwenze noma imuphi umagazini noma uhlobo lukhathale ukusebenza nomhlukumezi owaziwayo ngenxa yokungathembeki komphakathi.
Ingabe Lokhu Kungenisa Enkathini Entsha (Ephephile) Yokumodela?
Ngokuphuma kwenani elikhulu lezindaba zokuhlukunyezwa, kuyacaca ukuthi kukhona okumele kuguquke embonini. Kodwa likhona ithemba. Njengoba amamodeli akhulumayo, ulwazi lomphakathi lusezingeni eliphezulu futhi kwethulwa imithetho, singase sibheke ekuqaleni kwenkathi entsha. Noma kunjalo, umthwalo usele kulabo abanamandla njengabahleli bamagazini nemikhiqizo ukuthi bangasebenzi nabahlukumezi abaziwayo.
Njengesithonjana sokumodela Amber Valletta kusho engxoxweni abe nayo neNew York Times. "Uqala ukwehlisa umuntu oyedwa, futhi isibhakabhaka sizowa." Ngokunjalo, lo mbukiso wokwesekwa amamodeli, abaklami nabahleli uzofakazela ukuthi ukuhlukumeza ngeke kusaba khona ukushanela ngaphansi kwekhabethe.
Kokuthunyelwe ku-akhawunti yakhe ye-Instagram, umklami Prabal Gurung uvumile ukuthi unolwazi ngezinsolo zokuhlukunyezwa kukaRichardson kodwa "akazange akhulume". UGurung uphethe umsebenzi wakhe ngokubhala, “Ukuze sibheke phambili, futhi silwele ushintsho lwangempela, sidinga ukubuzana nathi ngokwethu— Singayakha kanjani imiphakathi engcono, eqinile? Sayihlakulela kanjani indawo enenzondo enjalo, futhi kungani siqhubeka silandela isimo sengqondo somhlambi ngisho noma sazi kangcono?”